Effect of bariatric surgery, physical activity, and weight regain on the prevalence of metabolic risk factors

Abstract

Aim: To analyze the effect of bariatric surgery, physical activity and weight regain on the prevalence
of metabolic risk factors. Method: Observational study with retrospective data collection. The study
had the participation of 84 individuals submitted to bariatric gastric bypass surgery with follow-up of
more than five years. Data collection was carried out in the form of a telephone interview to which
data from the patients' clinical process were added. An evolutionary analysis was performed regarding
associated health data and comortities, namely metabolic risk factors (diabetes, dyslipidemia and
mean blood pressure) at baseline (before surgery), one year and 5 years after surgery. Results: We
observed a relative improvement in the values of metabolic risk factors one year after surgery, which
was maintained at five years after surgery with statistically significant values (p <0.007). This result
may translate a positive effect of surgical intervention. In addition, the evolution of the prevalence of
metabolic risk factors after surgical intervention is not influenced by weight regain or physical activity.
Discussion: All the comortities present a decrease with significance to the 1st and 5th year, related to
the surgery itself, regardless of weight regain and the practice of physical activity, which confirms the
efficacy of surgery as the most effective factor in the treatment of the comortities. Conclusions: We did
not obtain a relationship between metabolic syndrome and physical activity, or weight regain, which
shows how effective surgery is in combating the comorbidity. .