Growth hormone and aging: focus on healthspan

Abstract

One of the most effective anti-aging interventions
in mice is suppression of growth hormone (GH)
signaling. Increased longevity of both females
and males was reported in animals in which
spontaneous mutations of Pit-1, Prop-1, or Ghrhr
genes, or targeted disruption of Ghrh or Ghr
produces states of GH deficiency or resistance
[1-4]. Importantly, life-prolonging effects of
suppressed GH-signaling are not limited to a
particular strain, genetic background, or diet, and
have been reproduced in independent studies in
different laboratories [4,5]. Comparably large and
consistent extension of longevity is difficult to
produce by any means other than severe restriction
of caloric intake during most of the lifespan.
Evidence for remarkable “anti-aging” effects of
GH deficiency and resistance contrasts with the
reports of detrimental effects of the corresponding
syndromes in people, including increased
cardiovascular risk factors [6,7] and with persistent
(although generally poorly supported) claims that
GH therapy can produce various rejuvenating
effects in middle-aged and elderly humans.
While some individuals with hypopituitarism
due to Prop1 mutations reached advanced age
[8], isolated deficiency (IGHD) was reported to
reduce longevity [9].