Effect of age and comorbidities on mechanical ventilation and outcome among patients’ with COVID-19 admitted to Dubai hospital in united arab emirates: A retrospective study

Abstract

Introduction: Comorbidities are associated with the severity of COVID-19 and can lead to progress the
disease and can cause death. Poor outcomes for COVID-19 have been related to patients with diabetes
and hypertensives. In addition, the risk factors related to disease progression and cause death is age.
However, this may be a direct result of the comorbidities itself or attributed to other unknown factors
along with age.
Purpose: The main goal of the current study is to find the effect of age and comorbidities on patients with
COVID-19 intubation and outcome
Methodology: This a single-centered, retrospective study carried out in Dubai hospital, Dubai Health
Authority in United Arab Emirates from April 2020 until August 2020. A purposive sampling technique
of 660 patients’ with COVID-19 met the inclusion criteria were included in this study.
Result: The sample of the study consisted of 660 patients with COVID-19 in Dubai hospital. comorbidity
does not affect patient’s intubation as p-value= 0.628. On the other hand, Exact fisher test show the
there is significant statistically result between comorbidity and patient’s outcome p-value= 0.014. In
terms of association between Age and patient’s with CVOID-19 intubation and outcome. The results
were statistically significant on as p-value=0.006 and 0.003 retrospectively. number of death patients
who were intubated with HTN and DM was higher 33 (60.0%) compared to patients with HTN 10
(71.4%), and DM 7 (31.8%). Age category was important factor on patient with COVID-19 outcome.
Age category was important factor on patient with COVID-19 outcome. Death number among age
category (40-49) and who were intubated 28 (51.9%). On the other hand, the lowest death number
among intubated patients with COVID-19 were among 20-29 age category.
Conclusion: There are many risk factors associated with greater risk of intubation and even death. The
present study found that older age was associated with patients’ intubation and death, most likely because
of less rigorous immune response. Moreover, Diabetic and hypertension were strong risk factors for
invasive ventilatory support among COVID-19 patients and even increase the risk for death.
Recommendation: heath care providers prioritize patients with chronic disease and diagnose them
early and monitored closely to improve clinical outcome. Providing this information to clinicians
could potentially be used to guide patient care. patients with comorbidities should take all necessary
precautions to avoid getting infected with SARS CoV- 2, as they usually have the worst prognosis.