Retrospective Analysis of 52 Cases of Scoliosis Surgery in the Central-West Region of Brazil

Abstract

This retrospective study analyzed 52 patients who underwent scoliosis surgery between 2014 and 2023 in private hospitals in the Central-West region of Brazil. The objective was to evaluate the degree of curvature correction, using the Cobb method, and postoperative complications. The sample was predominantly female (86.6%), with a mean age of 16 years. The majority of patients (92.3%) were diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis (IS), with 57.7% presenting thoracic curves and 34.6% presenting lumbar curves, according to the Lenke classification. The average preoperative Cobb angle was 55°, with a postoperative average correction of 74%, reflecting the effectiveness of spinal arthrodesis techniques with pedicle screws. There were no neurological complications, but significant bleeding was observed in three cases, and revision surgery was required in two patients due to postural decompensation. These results are consistent with recent advances in scoliosis surgery, including the use of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring and more sophisticated instrumentation techniques, such as the CotrelDubousset system. Although highly effective and safe, complications such as blood loss and postural decompensation can occur, requiring continuous monitoring and corrective interventions. This study reaffirms the importance of modern surgical approaches and the high demand for treatment in the region.